一，啟動電磁閥的檢查。發(fā)電機在運行時，人們總結(jié)出“一看、二聽、三摸、四嗅”的一套檢查方法。啟動時的聽，是一個很重要的步驟。以美國原裝康明斯發(fā)電機為例，只需按下啟動按鈕，三秒鐘之后，即可啟動。在這三秒鐘之內(nèi)可聽到兩個“咔嗒”聲。一旦聽不到二聲響，就要檢查啟動電磁閥是否正常工作，若電磁線圈燒斷，發(fā)電機當然就不能啟動。
1、 Check the start solenoid valve. When the generator is running, people have summed up a set of inspection methods of "one look, two listen, three touch and four smell". Listening at startup is a very important step. Take the original Cummins generator in the United States as an example. Just press the start button and start it after three seconds. Two "clicks" can be heard within three seconds. Once the second sound is not heard, check whether the starting solenoid valve works normally. If the solenoid coil is burnt out, of course, the generator cannot be started.
二，電池組的檢查。由于備用電源不是經(jīng)常投入使用，發(fā)電機是否能正常啟動，關(guān)鍵在于電池的維護保養(yǎng)。如電池組出現(xiàn)了問題，比較常見的情況是：有電壓無電流，這時可以聽到啟動電機內(nèi)電磁閥吸合的聲音，但帶不動連軸。電池組出現(xiàn)問題導(dǎo)致無法停機原因有三：1.在試機時采用停止為電池充電的方式，會導(dǎo)致電池電量不足。2.采用機械油泵由皮帶傳動，額定轉(zhuǎn)速下的泵油量很大，然而電池組供電不足，導(dǎo)致停機時截流閥里的彈簧片由于電磁閥吸力不夠而不能封死從四個出油孔噴出的燃油，造成不能停機。3.國產(chǎn)電池通常壽命為兩年，沒有定期更換。
2、 Inspection of battery pack. Since the standby power supply is not often put into use, the key to whether the generator can start normally lies in the maintenance of the battery. If there is a problem with the battery pack, the more common situation is: there is voltage and no current. At this time, the sound of the solenoid valve in the starting motor can be heard, but the coupling cannot be moved. There are three reasons why the battery pack cannot be shut down due to problems: 1 Stopping charging the battery during test run will lead to insufficient battery power. 2. The mechanical oil pump is driven by the belt, and the amount of pump oil at the rated speed is large. However, the power supply of the battery pack is insufficient, resulting in the failure of the spring plate in the shut-off valve to seal the fuel ejected from the four oil outlet holes due to the insufficient suction of the solenoid valve during shutdown, resulting in the failure of shutdown. 3. Domestic batteries usually have a service life of two years and are not replaced regularly.
三，柴油、潤滑油的檢查。因為機組長期處于靜態(tài)，機組本身各種材料會與機油、冷卻水、柴油、空氣等發(fā)生復(fù)雜的化學(xué)、物理變化，從而將機組“放”壞。為此應(yīng)注意油的問題。為了消防安全，通常都把柴油油箱放在一個密閉的房間內(nèi)，由于大氣中水氣因溫度的變化而發(fā)生冷凝現(xiàn)象，結(jié)成水珠掛附在油箱內(nèi)壁，流入柴油中，致使柴油含水量超標，這樣的柴油進入柴油機高壓油泵，會銹蝕精密耦合件———柱塞，嚴重損壞機組。
3、 Inspection of diesel and lubricating oil. Because the unit is static for a long time, various materials of the unit itself will undergo complex chemical and physical changes with engine oil, cooling water, diesel oil, air, etc., which will "blow" the unit. Therefore, attention should be paid to the problem of oil. For the sake of fire safety, the diesel oil tank is usually placed in a closed room. Due to the condensation of water and gas in the atmosphere due to the change of temperature, water droplets form and hang on the inner wall of the oil tank and flow into the diesel, resulting in the water content of the diesel exceeding the standard. When such diesel enters the high-pressure oil pump of the diesel engine, it will rust the precision coupling plunger and seriously damage the unit.
1、安裝地點需通風良好，發(fā)電機端應(yīng)有足夠的進風口，柴油機端應(yīng)有良好的出風口。出風口面積應(yīng)大于水箱面積1.5倍以上。
1. The installation site shall be well ventilated. There shall be sufficient air inlet at the generator end and good air outlet at the diesel engine end. The air outlet area shall be more than 1.5 times larger than the water tank area.
2、安裝地的周圍應(yīng)保持清潔，避免在附近放置能產(chǎn)生酸性、堿性等腐蝕性氣體和蒸汽的物品。有條件的應(yīng)配置滅火裝置，消防還是有必要重視的。
2. The surroundings of the installation site shall be kept clean and articles that can produce acidic, alkaline and other corrosive gases and vapors shall not be placed nearby. If conditions permit, fire extinguishing devices should be equipped, and fire fighting is still necessary to pay attention to.
3、在室內(nèi)使用，必須將排煙管道通導(dǎo)室外，管徑必須≥消音器的出煙管直徑，所接之管路的彎頭不宜超過3個，以保證排煙暢通，并應(yīng)將管子向下傾斜5-10度，避免雨水注入；若排氣管時垂直向上安裝的，則必須加裝防雨罩。
3. For indoor use, the smoke exhaust pipe must be connected to the outside, the pipe diameter must be ≥ the diameter of the smoke outlet pipe of the silencer, and the elbow of the connected pipeline should not exceed 3 to ensure smooth smoke exhaust, and the pipe should be inclined downward by 5-10 degrees to avoid rainwater injection; If the exhaust pipe is installed vertically upward, a rain cover must be installed.
4、基礎(chǔ)采用混凝土時，在安裝時須用水平尺測其水平度，使機組固定于水平的基礎(chǔ)上。機組與基礎(chǔ)之間應(yīng)有專用防震墊或用底腳螺栓。
4. When the foundation adopts concrete, the levelness must be measured with a level ruler during installation to fix the unit on a horizontal foundation. Special shockproof pads or foot bolts shall be provided between the unit and the foundation.
5、機組外殼必須有可靠的保護接地，對需要有中性點直接接地的發(fā)電機，則必須由專業(yè)人員進行中性接地，并配置防雷裝置，嚴禁利用市電的接地裝置進行中性點直接接地。
5. The shell of the unit must have reliable protective grounding. For the generator that needs to be directly grounded at the neutral point, the neutral grounding must be carried out by professional personnel and equipped with lightning protection device. It is strictly prohibited to use the grounding device of municipal power for direct grounding at the neutral point.
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