1、點火提前角的定義

1. Definition of ignition advance angle

發(fā)動機(jī)實際在活塞到達(dá)壓縮沖程上止點前就點火，點火時刻到壓縮沖程上止點時刻之間活塞的位移折算成曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角，即稱點火提前角。

The engine is actually ignited before the piston reaches the top dead center of the compression stroke. The displacement of the piston between the ignition time and the top dead center of the compression stroke is converted into the crankshaft angle, that is, the ignition advance angle.

以山東辰龍12V190系列燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組為例，其點火提前角一般為30-42°曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角，具體數(shù)值根據(jù)隨機(jī)說明書、結(jié)合燃?xì)饩唧w成分而定。

Taking Shandong Chenlong 12V190 series gas generator set as an example, its ignition advance angle is generally 30-42 ° crankshaft angle, and the specific value is determined according to the random instructions and the specific composition of gas.

點火提前角由廠方技術(shù)服務(wù)人員在燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)組安裝調(diào)試時設(shè)定好，用戶一般不需再調(diào)整。但隨著機(jī)組使用時間的延長，磁電機(jī)驅(qū)動器與齒輪箱聯(lián)軸器凹槽磨損，會造成點火提前角略有改變，因此應(yīng)進(jìn)行季節(jié)性檢查和調(diào)整。另外，在更換磁電機(jī)時，也會涉及到點火提前角的檢查和調(diào)整。

The ignition advance angle is set by the technical service personnel of the manufacturer during the installation and commissioning of the gas generator set, and the user generally does not need to adjust it. However, with the extension of the service time of the unit, the groove of the coupling between the magneto drive and the gearbox will be worn, which will cause a slight change in the ignition advance angle. Therefore, seasonal inspection and adjustment should be carried out. In addition, when replacing the magneto, the inspection and adjustment of the ignition advance angle will also be involved.

建議用戶在機(jī)組安裝調(diào)試好、正常運行后，實測機(jī)組當(dāng)前點火提前角數(shù)值，記錄備案。

It is recommended that the user measure the current ignition advance angle of the unit after the unit is installed, commissioned and operated normally, and record it for the record.

2、測量點火提前角的方法

2. Method of measuring ignition advance angle

測量點火提前角通常有“使用點火正時燈”和“拖動法”兩種。“使用點火正時燈”

There are usually two methods for measuring the ignition advance angle: "use the ignition timing lamp" and "drag method". "Use ignition timing lamp"

的方法簡便易行但測量結(jié)果有一定誤差;“拖動法”的測量結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確度較高。

The method is simple and easy, but the measurement results have some errors; The accuracy of the measurement results of "drag method" is high.

（1）使用點火正時燈

(1) Use ignition timing lamp

①接通點火正時燈的12VDC工作電源。

① Connect the 12VDC working power supply of the ignition timing lamp.

注意:過高的工作電源會將點火正時燈燒壞。

Note: too high working power will burn out the ignition timing lamp.

②將點火正時燈的接線夾夾住發(fā)動機(jī)一缸的高壓點火線主電纜部分。

② Clamp the wiring clamp of the ignition timing lamp to the main cable part of the high-voltage ignition wire of the first cylinder of the engine.

注意:夾前將高壓點火線主電纜外層保護(hù)膠皮擼起，否則正時燈感應(yīng)不到點火信號。

Note: before clamping, roll up the outer protective rubber of the main cable of the high-voltage ignition line, otherwise the timing lamp will not sense the ignition signal.

③手持點火正時燈，使燈頭對準(zhǔn)飛輪指針尖端處，并指向飛輪刻度盤中心。

③ Hold the ignition timing lamp to align the lamp head with the flywheel pointer tip and point to the center of the flywheel dial.

④啟動發(fā)動機(jī)，使其怠速運行。每當(dāng)發(fā)動機(jī)一缸點火時，點火正時燈就發(fā)出亮光。亮光對應(yīng)的刻度即為當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火刻度。則，當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火提前角=（360°-當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火刻度)。

④ Start the engine and allow it to idle. When the first cylinder of the engine is ignited, the ignition timing light will shine. The scale corresponding to the bright light is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the current unit ignition advance angle = (360 ° - current unit ignition scale).

（2）拖動法

(2) Drag method

①在發(fā)動機(jī)飛輪刻度320°前后15°范圍內(nèi)貼上示波器紙(或傳真紙)，按照飛輪原有刻度在示波器紙上做出同樣的刻線。

① Stick oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) within 15 ° before and after the engine flywheel scale of 320 ° and make the same score on the oscilloscope paper according to the original scale of the flywheel.

注意:應(yīng)事先在示波器紙(或傳真紙)上做好方向標(biāo)記，以免將點火提前和滯后混淆。

Note: direction marks shall be made on oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) in advance to avoid confusion of ignition advance and delay.

②把發(fā)動機(jī)一缸高壓點火線拔掉，換上專用的加長的導(dǎo)線，使導(dǎo)線一端插入點火線圈輸出端，另一端固定在飛輪指針尖端處，導(dǎo)線的末端距離示波器紙2-4mm。

② Unplug the high-voltage ignition wire of cylinder 1 of the engine and replace it with a special extended wire. Insert one end of the wire into the output end of the ignition coil and fix the other end at the flywheel pointer tip. The end of the wire is 2-4mm away from the oscilloscope paper.

③在切斷氣源的條件下，按下“起動”按鈕，使啟動馬達(dá)拖動發(fā)動機(jī)運轉(zhuǎn)，此時，導(dǎo)線末端和示波器紙之間放電、出現(xiàn)火花，把示波器紙擊穿。

③ Under the condition of cutting off the air source, press the "start" button to make the starting motor drive the engine to run. At this time, the discharge and spark between the wire end and the oscilloscope paper will break down the oscilloscope paper.

④幾秒后，松開“起動”按鈕，停止啟動馬達(dá)，取下示波器紙查看，火花擊穿密集位置對應(yīng)的刻度即為當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火刻度。則，當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火提前角=(360°-當(dāng)前機(jī)組點火刻度)。

④ After a few seconds, release the "start" button, stop the starting motor, take down the oscilloscope paper for inspection, and the scale corresponding to the spark breakdown dense position is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the current unit ignition advance angle = (360 ° - current unit ignition scale).

3、設(shè)定點火提前角方法

3. Method of setting ignition advance angle

(1)六缸、十二缸燃?xì)鈾C(jī)安裝磁電機(jī)、設(shè)定點火提前角的方法(以調(diào)整機(jī)組點火提前角至40°曲軸轉(zhuǎn)角為例)①盤轉(zhuǎn)飛輪，至一缸處于壓縮沖程上止點位置的0刻度，再倒回40°，即，指針指示320°。此時，齒輪箱聯(lián)軸器的凹槽傾斜方向確定。

(1) Methods for installing the magneto and setting the ignition advance angle of the six cylinder and twelve cylinder gas engines (take adjusting the ignition advance angle of the unit to 40 ° crankshaft angle as an example) ① turn the flywheel until the first cylinder is at the 0 scale of the top dead center position of the compression stroke, and then turn back 40 °, that is, the pointer indicates 320 °. At this time, the groove inclination direction of the gearbox coupling is determined.

②轉(zhuǎn)動磁電機(jī)的驅(qū)動器，使轉(zhuǎn)軸上旋轉(zhuǎn)的短紅刻線對準(zhǔn)磁電機(jī)正面面板上的CCW線。此時一，磁電機(jī)驅(qū)動器的傾斜方向確定。

② Rotate the drive of the magneto to align the short red score line on the rotating shaft with the CCW line on the front panel of the magneto. At this time, the tilt direction of the magneto drive is determined.

③裝上磁電機(jī)，此時，發(fā)動機(jī)點火提前角近似為40°。

③ Install the magneto. At this time, the ignition advance angle of the engine is approximately 40 °.

注意:安裝磁電機(jī)時應(yīng)確保其驅(qū)動器與齒輪箱的聯(lián)軸器嚙合到位。

Note: when installing the magneto, ensure that its drive and the coupling of the gearbox are engaged in place.

④用拖動法檢查點火提前角的實際值，調(diào)整至需要的數(shù)值。

④ Check the actual value of ignition advance angle by dragging and adjust it to the required value.

⑤十二缸燃?xì)鈾C(jī)磁電機(jī)調(diào)整位置到極限情況需要調(diào)整錐齒輪(倒齒)。方法為:

⑤ When the adjustment position of the 12 cylinder gas engine magneto reaches the limit, the bevel gear (inverted gear) needs to be adjusted. The method is:

a.松開齒輪箱側(cè)面觀察蓋上的緊固螺釘，取下觀察蓋。

a. Loosen the fastening screws on the side observation cover of the gearbox and remove the observation cover.

b.松開連接盤與齒輪箱固定的6個緊固螺釘，將小錐齒輪連同傳動軸一同抽出，使兩個錐齒輪脫離嚙合。

b. Loosen the 6 fastening screws fixing the connecting plate and the gearbox, and pull out the small bevel gear together with the transmission shaft to disengage the two bevel gears.

c.轉(zhuǎn)動小錐齒輪(每倒一個齒點火提前角改變約12°)，使聯(lián)軸器凹槽方向與磁電機(jī)連接盤的傾斜方向一致。

c. Rotate the small bevel gear (the ignition advance angle changes by about 12 ° for each inverted tooth), so that the direction of the coupling groove is consistent with the inclination direction of the magneto connecting plate.

d.將小錐齒輪裝回原處，使兩個錐齒輪重新嚙合，蓋好觀察蓋。

d. Install the small bevel gear back to the original position, re mesh the two bevel gears, and cover the observation cover.

e.裝上磁電機(jī)，復(fù)查點火時間。

e. Install the magneto and recheck the ignition time.

(2)四缸發(fā)動機(jī)安裝磁電機(jī)、設(shè)定點火提前角的方法(以調(diào)整點火提前角至32°為例)。

(2) Methods for installing magneto and setting ignition advance angle of four cylinder engine (take adjusting ignition advance angle to 32 ° as an example).

①工作原理

① Working principle

4缸燃?xì)獍l(fā)動機(jī)(4-190)點火系統(tǒng)由磁塊、感應(yīng)線圈、磁電機(jī)、點火線圈、火花塞構(gòu)成。點火順序為1-2-4-3。

The ignition system of 4-cylinder gas engine (4-190) is composed of magnetic block, induction coil, magneto, ignition coil and spark plug. The ignition sequence is 1-2-4-3.

飛輪上分別在160°、340°位置處鑲嵌有兩個磁塊。在飛輪旁安裝有內(nèi)側(cè)、外側(cè)兩個感應(yīng)線圈。外側(cè)感應(yīng)線圈連接1、4缸，內(nèi)側(cè)感應(yīng)線圈連接2、3缸。

Two magnetic blocks are embedded on the flywheel at 160 ° and 340 ° respectively. Two induction coils inside and outside are installed beside the flywheel. The outer induction coil is connected to cylinders 1 and 4, and the inner induction coil is connected to cylinders 2 and 3.

發(fā)動機(jī)工作時，飛輪上的磁塊每當(dāng)經(jīng)過感應(yīng)線圈時，獲取一個信號，并把此信號傳遞給磁電機(jī)。磁電機(jī)按此信號提供的順序發(fā)出點火電能，經(jīng)過點火線圈變壓，由火花塞點火。

When the engine is working, the magnetic block on the flywheel receives a signal every time it passes through the induction coil and transmits the signal to the magneto. The magneto sends out ignition electric energy according to the sequence provided by this signal, which is transformed by the ignition coil and ignited by the spark plug.

當(dāng)外側(cè)感應(yīng)線圈次獲取磁塊信號時，1缸點火，旋轉(zhuǎn)180度后，內(nèi)側(cè)感應(yīng)線圈獲取磁塊信號，2缸點火。飛輪再旋轉(zhuǎn)180度后，外側(cè)點火線圈獲取磁塊信號，4缸點火，再旋轉(zhuǎn)180度后，內(nèi)側(cè)感應(yīng)線圈獲取信號，3缸點火。

When the outer induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal for the first time, cylinder 1 is ignited. After rotating 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal and cylinder 2 is ignited. After the flywheel is rotated by 180 degrees, the outer ignition coil acquires the magnetic block signal, and cylinder 4 is ignited. After the flywheel is rotated by 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the signal, and cylinder 3 is ignited.

②設(shè)定方法

② Setting method

a.盤轉(zhuǎn)飛輪，至一缸處于壓縮沖程上止點位置的0刻度，再倒回32°，即指針指示328°。

a. Turn the flywheel until the first cylinder is at the 0 scale of the top dead center position of the compression stroke, and then turn back 32 °, that is, the pointer indicates 328 °.

b.轉(zhuǎn)動磁電機(jī)連接塑料盤，使傾斜方向與法蘭內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)盤的傾斜方向一致，將磁電機(jī)裝好。

b. Rotate the plastic disk connected with the magneto to make the tilt direction consistent with the tilt direction of the turntable in the flange, and install the magneto.

c.移動兩個感應(yīng)線圈，對準(zhǔn)飛輪上的磁塊，并使兩個感應(yīng)線圈處于同心直線上，固定感應(yīng)線圈。此時，發(fā)動機(jī)點火提前角近似為32°。

c. Move the two induction coils to align with the magnetic block on the flywheel, and make the two induction coils on a concentric straight line to fix the induction coils. At this time, the ignition advance angle of the engine is approximately 32 °.

d.檢查點火提前角的實際值，并調(diào)整至需要的數(shù)值。

d. Check the actual value of the ignition advance angle and adjust it to the required value.

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